Pyelonephritis – Symptoms, Causes & Treatment
Overview Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a form of urinary tract infection (UTI) that typically originates in the urethra or bladder and spreads to one or both kidneys.A kidney infection demands…
Unstable Angina
Overview In unstable angina, the heart does not receive sufficient blood flow and oxygen. It might cause a heart attack.Angina is a form of chest pain caused by inadequate blood…
Aortic regurgitation – Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
Overview Aortic valve regurgitation, also known as aortic regurgitation, is a condition in which the aortic valve of the heart does not seal tightly. As a result, a portion of…
Kidney stones – Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Overview A kidney stone is generated when a mineral particle settles out of the urine and into the kidney or ureter, the tube that connects the kidney to the bladder.…
Rheumatic Heart Disease
What is RHD? Rheumatic heart disease is a disorder in which rheumatic fever has caused irreversible damage to the heart valves. Shortly after an untreated or inadequately treated streptococcal infection,…
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
IDDM Type 1 diabetes mellitus (type 1 diabetes, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), one of the most prevalent chronic pediatric disorders, is caused by insulin insufficiency resulting from the autoimmunity-mediated death of…
Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) – Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, or urethra. The majority of urinary tract infections affect the bladder and urethra.Women are more likely to…
ADPKD – Adult Polycystic Kidney Disease
Adult polycystic kidney disease types Autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD), which is typically diagnosed in adults; andAutosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD), can be identified in utero or shortly after birth. Autosomal dominant…
SLE Nephritis
Lupus Lupus is a chronic illness in which the body produces antibodies against various portions of itself. Lupus can lead to attacks on the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, and…
Congenital Heart Disease
Overview Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the presence of one or more structural heart defects at birth. Congenital denotes that the condition is present at birth. Congenital cardiac disease in…
How to Pass MRCP PACES Exam
MRCP PACES MRCP PACES is a very difficult practical examination because the overall pass rate is below 50%. I passed PACES on my first attempt and got 157 out of…
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
SCLC Cancer is not a singular illness. There are numerous forms of cancer. However, all cancers begin when a group of cells in the body proliferate uncontrollably. Cancer cells continue…
Epoetin – Uses, and Side Effects
What is Epoetin? EPOETIN ALFA (e POE e tin AL fa) helps your body create more red blood cells. This drug is used to treat anemia caused by chronic renal…
Apremilast – Indications, Dosage, and Side Effects
What is Apremilast? Apremilast is approved for the treatment of adult patients who are suitable for phototherapy or systemic therapy and have active psoriatic arthritis or moderate to severe plaque…
Nivolumab – Indications, Dosage, and Side Effects
What is Nivolumab? Nivolumab, marketed under the brand name Opdivo, is a monoclonal antibody that is used to treat certain forms of cancer. Indications of nivolumab? Nivolumab (Opdivo®) is used…
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