Category: Medicine
All About Eczema (Dermatitis) – Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment
Overview of Eczema ‘Eczema’ is a very commonly known skin condition. It is a Greek word. The meaning of eczema is ‘to boil’. Many people use the word eczema to refer to atopic dermatitis. But in actual the term atopic is a collection of different conditions involving your immune system. Hay fever, Asthma, Atopic dermatitis…
Menkes Disease (Learn in 5 minutes)
Overview of Menkes disease A faulty ATP7A gene causes Menkes disease, a hereditary genetic disorder. Menkes syndrome causes copper absorption deficiency. This results in arterial changes and degeneration of the brain. Menkes syndrome is uncommon. Children born with Menkes syndrome have a life expectancy of less than five years on average. Epidemiology of Menkes disease…
XXYY Syndrome
XXYY syndrome is a chromosomal disorder defined by the presence of an extra X and Y chromosome in men and is associated with medical and behavioral issues. XXYY is a form of Klinefelter syndrome at age 48. Inheritance The condition 48, XXYY is not inherited; it often arises by chance during the development of reproductive…
Brittle bone disorder
Overview Brittle bone disorder results in bones that are weak and shatter readily. It typically manifests at birth, however it has only been documented in children with a family history of brittle bone disease. A deficiency in the gene that generates type 1 collagen causes it. Also referred to as osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Osteogenesis imperfecta…
Overview of Huntington’s Disease (HD)
A progressive, inherited neurodegenerative disorder Huntington’s disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant, inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, cognitive decline, and psychiatric symptoms. It results from a pathogenic CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HTT gene on chromosome 4, which encodes the huntingtin protein. The disorder is fully penetrant with ≥40 CAG repeats; reduced…
Osteoporosis – Symptoms, risk factors, fracture prevention, and pain control
Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by the degeneration and weakness of bone tissue. Over time, osteoporosis might progress. This can lead the bone to become progressively porous and more brittle (as the disease\’s name suggests). When seen under a microscope, healthy bone resembles a honeycomb. When osteoporosis is prevalent, the honeycomb\’s holes and crevices appear…
Systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Overview Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (formerly known as systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis) is an umbrella term encompassing adolescent rheumatic disorders that begin before the age of 16 and are defined by joint inflammation that lasts for more than six weeks. On the basis of the pattern of joint involvement, the existence of extra-articular symptoms (such as…
Lancaster Disease (must read, learn in 5 minutes)
Treacher-Collins syndrome is also known as Lancaster disease or Franceschetti-Zwahlen-Klein syndrome. It is a rare genetic disorder manifested by the head\’s bony and soft tissue deformities, especially ears, orbit, facial bones, and chin. History Dr. Treacher Collins, an Ophthalmologist, first mentioned this entity in a paper presented to the Opthalmology Society, UK in 1933. Genetic…
Peritoneal Mesothelioma – Essential Knowledge
Peritoneal mesothelioma is a malignancy that develops in the peritoneum, which is the lining of the abdomen. The most effective treatment for this kind of mesothelioma is surgery with hot chemotherapy, which frequently extends life expectancy to five years or beyond. Epidemiology 10 to 30 percent of all malignant mesotheliomas originate in the peritoneum. In…
Silicosis
Silica exists naturally in the majority of rocks, sand, and clay, as well as in products such as bricks and concrete. Additionally, silica is utilized as a filler in some polymers. These materials generate dust when they are cut, sanded, and carved in the workplace. Some of this dust may be tiny enough to be…