Clinical Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Physician’s Guide

Pathophysiology and Terminology: Distinguishing Septicaemia from Sepsis In clinical practice, the terms "septicaemia" and "sepsis" are often used interchangeably by patients, but they represent distinct pathophysiological states. Septicaemia: Refers specifically to…

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Comprehensive Clinical Update on Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Emerging Therapeutics

Epidemiology & Inheritance Pattern – Beyond Basic Genetics Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive, X-linked recessive myopathy caused by mutations in the DMD gene (Xp21.2), encoding the 427-kDa…

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