Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Clinical Perspective for the Practicing Physician
Introduction Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding remains one of the most common acute gastrointestinal emergencies, accounting for 100–300 cases per 100,000 person-years in Western populations, with a mortality rate persisting at 10–14% despite advances in endoscopy and critical care.¹⁻³ From the perspective of a practicing gastroenterologist or hospitalist managing acute UGI bleeding (UGIB), timely risk stratification,…
