Comprehensive Clinical Update on Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger’s Disease): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Evidence-Based Management
Authored for the practicing physician—updated to reflect 2023–2024 guidelines and peer-reviewed literature I. Introduction & Definition Thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), or Buerger’s disease, is a rare, non-atherosclerotic, inflammatory occlusive vasculopathy primarily…
