AS

Epidemiology & Pathophysiology Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvulopathy requiring intervention in adults in developed countries. Its prevalence increases dramatically with age: ~2% in individuals >65 years, rising to >10% in those >80 years (Nishimura et al., JACC 2023). Etiologies include: Pathophysiologic consequences: Clinical Presentation & Diagnosis Symptoms Classic triad: angina, syncope, and…